I'm learning Javascript. I came across these terms and googled them and all the explanations were too complex. I'm a beginner so could you please help me break it down to a beginner level? Thanks.

I learned the concept of closures but don’t understand this one thing. for example:
function foo(num){ setTimeout(function(){console.log(num)}, 5000); }
The anonymous function is a local variable of setTimeout, and will be created only after setTimeout is called. And setTimeout is declared outside foo. Thus, shouldn’t have access to the num variable. but it has, why is that?
Thanks.

So I use it all the time. Currently in Julia I'm using it to pass data in without having to load it in a function every time the function is called, but what actually is it? Is it just making a temporary function around the function that I'm passing? For example here's an example code.

function foo(x,y) ... end answer = optimize(beta -> foo(beta, data), InitialGuesses) 

That treats the function like it's only passing in beta.

I'm thinking "currying" but currying is something else entirely. What I'm talking about is:
someValues.map { value + 1 }.map { ($0, someValues.value+2) }.map { $0 + $1 }

I'm very greenhorn when it comes to JS (I'm a C# and Python Dev) outside of jQuery and dinky client stuff. So when I see things such as the following Node-Express route

 router.get('/', function(req, res, next) { res.send('respond with a resource'); }); 

I freak out. Where the hell are req, res, and next coming from and why are these parameters to this anonymous function?
Thanks in advance! =)

The cast: (Names changed for anonymity)
Me - your storyteller of the moment.
Chad - Hiring CTO.
Richard - CEO, brother of Chad.
Big Bro - Engineer coworker
Eddie - IT and Desktop support guy.
This takes place near the very beginning of my software engineering career, back in '05 or '06. I'd just been let go from my previous place of employment due to be being compliant with directives I'd been given (although not maliciously, so that story wouldn't be appropriate here, sadly), and thus working myself out of a job. I was a young college dropout from a technical college that hadn't been federally accredited yet, and thus all my student loans were from banks and loan companies instead of from Uncle Sam, and debts were due. I was also making payments on my very first car, even though it was a beater that the prior owners had already nearly driven into the ground (4 years old and nearly 200k miles on it when I bought it), and of course, rent and utitlities. The job I'd just been let go from already had me working paycheck to paycheck as they paid far under average rate, but I was still new professional so I couldn't be very choosy. I was living in Los Angeles county, so the cost of living was so bad, I was having to choose which bills were going to be late on a monthly basis. Specifically, I was living in a town called San Pedro, a small town tucked fairly out of the way.
After blasting my resume to all the job boards, I get a call from a startup who seems interested in my resume and wants me to come in for a face-to-face interview (skipping the call-screen entirely). In my desperation, I agree. I'm given an address, which is all the way up in Woodland Hills. I check the internet... 55 minute drive so long as there's no traffic. With traffic it looks like the commute will be more like an hour and forty-five minutes... each way. I'm desperate though, and literally nobody else has reached out to me about my resume or responded to my applications, so I go to the interview. I arrive to an mostly empty office complex. Maybe 6 or 7 other cars in a parking lot capable of holding at least 50. I go into the building mentioned in the address, and call the phone number I was given to let them know I've arrived. Enter Chad. Chad comes to meet me, and seems excited that I've come! He escorts me through the building to an office. Mind you, as far as I can see, we're the only two humans in the building. He gives me the pitch for the company, tells me he built the software being sold, but it's not scalable, and needs someone who can rewrite it. After we go through the whole interview song and dance, he offers me the job on the spot. The pay is marginally higher than the last gig, so I figure gas would be covered for the commute. I agree, and we shake hands, as I'm going to be starting the next Monday.
Red flags start appearing from the very first minute I arrive on monday. First, I'm given a tour, which consists of the 14x14 foot office I'm going to be sharing with Chad, as well as another engineer who's going to be starting the following monday. I'm not a fan of having someone able to look over my shoulder, it makes me nervous. I ask why each engineer's desk has two computers. "Because the one you will be writing code on doesn't have internet access, for security purposes." (Note: this was pure paranoia. There was nothing about this software that required such tight security, we weren't doing any gov't contracts or anything of the sort.) Then, I'm escorted clear across the building, to meet with the CEO (Richard), the IT guy (Eddie), and the sales/support team. I'm told that half of the team is supporting the existing version of the application, 2 people are selling the existing version to new clients (or trying to), and one person is explicitly tasked with selling the new version. The one I haven't even started on yet. I'm still young and dumb at this point, but even I know this means the salesperson is probably giving out a date when the customer should expect their purchase to be filled. "It's a good thing you started when we did, we've been telling customers it'll be ready in June." Did I mention all this was happening in February? Apparently I've agreed to rewrite, test, and package an entire application I've never seen before in approximately four months. So, tour being done, I sit down and get to work. After jumping through a bunch of hoops of getting the software I prefer downloaded onto the actual work machine, as well as the code, I set about reviewing code so horrific I've not seen its like since, and there isn't a single comment in the entire thing. Before I can ask a single question of the CTO however, he tells me he's headed to downtown LA to scalp his tickets to the Lakers game, and that he'll see me tomorrow. So... now I'm alone in the office with this abomination, a machine that's been hamstrung to heck and back, and the only thing I've got to console me is the fact that at least I'm employed again.
Fast-forward a week, I've documented the bulk of the code (because there wasn't any), and the boss and I do not get along. He's mad because I've not written any substantial code, and I'm frustrated because I'm trying to understand a lot of what specific code is trying to do and he's routinely leaving around noon to go sell his tickets for Laker's games, or just not in the office because he's chatting with someone else. When he is in the office, I show him my documentation, and try to get him to verify it or describe the purpose of code where all I can say is "Wat?" By the end of the week, I've covered about 30% of the project in a wiki-like document, and I've taken to leaving after sunset so I can a) get more done, b) have a shorter commute, and c) drive when my car isn't an oven (the ac didn't work). I've barely managed to convince the CTO that what I'm doing is necessary so the engineer starting the next monday doesn't have to do anywhere near the same crap I've got, which would make us a more efficient team.
Monday arrives, and in comes Big Bro. I call him this because he was a much more experienced engineer than I was. We spend the first day with him getting set up, then us reviewing what I've documented. He manages to answer some questions the CTO never did, just because he is that much better, and I start to feel more confident. Over the next weeks, Big Bro took me under his wing as an engineer teaching me best practices, standards, and where my plans were good and where they could be better. If it hadn't been for him, I'd have gone insane! I end up joining him outside for smoke breaks even though I don't smoke, just so I can get a breath of non-office air. He and I discuss the project, and we also make friends with Eddie, who makes us laugh by telling us horror stories about the CTO and CEO (apparently he was a school *friend* of theirs and basically worked with them because they paid him to do something he felt was super easy).
April rolls around. I've got a special occasion I need the day off for, which happens to be a Wednesday that year. I'd advised him when I first started and he'd been cool with it. I remind him on April 2nd (since I had an irrational fear of policy decisions being made on April Fool's Day), and he loses it. He goes off on a rant, and straight up informs me that he regrets hiring me, claiming I didn't have the skills I told him I did, and wasn't worth what I was being paid. We're definitely not half-way done (more like one third), and it's already been decided that June is a lost cause and that we're shooting for August now. That habit I started before, of leaving after the sun went down? Yeah, that never stopped. I was arriving at 9am every day, and leaving around 10pm every night, trying my best. Big bro was the same, and Eddie would stay late with us just because we liked hanging out together. So, it should be understandable that I was very close to losing it right back at him. In a strained, yet diplomatic voice, I told him that if he put in the same amount of work to help us as we put in to rewrite *his* code, we'd probably be a lot closer to done than we were, especially given the twelve hour days. He was not a fan of that, and switched to straight up yelling, blaming us for the lost sales and refunds due to the delays, and that the only way he'd get off our backs was by getting the project done. This entire time Big Bro is just sitting there, and says nothing to back me up. Chad then left the office for a bit, and I just declared I was taking my lunch and would be back in an hour. I felt frustrated by Chad and betrayed by Big Bro, who I felt (rightly or not) should have had my back since we were in the same boat.
When we were both back in the office, he apologized for yelling and told me that since he agreed when I was hired I could have my day off. Cool. I apologized too, although not for anything specific. I just didn't want to talk to him anymore and figured that was the fastest way to end the conversation.
Fast forward to June, and the opportunity for Malicious Compliance. Over the last two months, Chad has been getting worse and worse. He's yelling nearly every day (and still leaving early too). Big Bro and Eddie are also feeling the pain, nobody is safe from his ego. The smoke breaks and afternoon/evening portion of our day are when we're most productive, as nobody can focus until Chad leaves. The first monday in June rolls around and Chad invites me to go on a walk outside for a 1-on-1 meeting. I figured I'm being fired (at this point we've had to refactor the rewrite almost entirely due to missing a critical chunk of functionality, and we're still only 60% done. August release is looking less and less sure). Chad informs me that he's hired a 3rd engineer, but in order to stay in the budget to pay him, he's cutting my salary in half. I stop on the spot and just give him a blank look.
"Are you serious?" I ask. "I'm barely able to pay for my bills and the gas required to commute here as it is. If you cut my salary at all, I won't be able to afford to live." At this point the idea of cutting my productivity to help ramp up a new engineer so he can help us meet the deadline doesn't even occur to me, although in hindsight that would have also been a pretty major issue.
Chad brushes me off. "That's not my problem. The fact that you missed one deadline and look like you're gonna miss another is. If you've got a problem with that, you're more than welcome to go find another job. The new guy starts in two weeks." And with that he walks inside. I'd just been told that I had two weeks left of job at my current salary. Cool. So that day I do something I hadn't done since I first started. I left while the sun was still up. (Specifically, I left at 5pm). I drive my oven-car (no working Air Conditioning in a car that had been left in the sun all day in Woodland Hills had me feeling like a baked potato) through traffic (hour and a half-commute home through LA heat), and updated my resume before reactivating my accounts on all the job sites. I'm contacted the next day by a potential new employer, and I get an interview scheduled. I decide to tell Big Bro about the new opportunity, and he hits me with news that lets me know just how small a world we live in.
Me: "Hey, Big Bro, just fyi I've started looking for a new job. I've already got an interview lined up."
Big Bro: "Really? Where?"
Me: "Over at "
Big Bro: "Wow! That's where I worked before I came here! That place is pretty awesome, and I left there on pretty good terms. I know the CTO there, go ahead and use me as a reference!"
Me, skeptical: "Really? Okay...."
Turns out Big Bro was true to his word, and the CTO and I even talked about Big Bro during the interview. Apparently they'd already talked about me, and Big Bro had been the ultimate hype man, confirming everything I said about why I was looking for a new job and everything. All goes well, and I'm electronically signing an offer-letter that Friday afternoon (Chad had already left for the day, so there was nobody to look over my shoulder as I used the work computer that *had* internet access to get this done). At the new Job, the commute is cut by more than half, and comes with a pretty significant raise. I tell Big Bro and Eddie on the last smoke break (I still don't smoke) that I'm done, and I've found something new. Oddly enough, they both smile and just wish me luck. "No hard feelings, hope we stay in touch!" Odd, but I'd stopped really caring about anything related to that job, so I paid it no mind. I went back inside, packed up my stuff into my backpack, and walked to the CEO's office.
Me: "Hey Richard, got a minute?"
Richard: "Hey OP, what's up?"
Me: "Just wanted to let you know I found a new job, so I'm moving on."
Richard: "Really, why? We need you!"
Me: "You guys decided it was cool to cut my salary to a point where I couldn't afford to live. Chad said if I didn't like it, I should look for something new, so I did."
Richard, looking defeated: "Well, when's your last day?"
Me: "Today."
Richard, now pissed: "We need you here to train the new guy who starts soon!"
Me: "Hey, I had to train myself and to an extent, Big Bro when he first started. The new guy should be able to as well."
And with that, I left for greener pastures.
The unexpectedly *huge* fallout:
Four months later, Big Bro texts me to ask me how things are going. I tell him things are great, and we schedule a lunchtime call because apparently things have gone sideways in a huge way.
Part 1) Apparently Chad came in on Monday almost violently angry, and demands Eddie re-image my work machine first thing in the morning, which erases everything I'd left on there.Big Bro comes in an hour later, and he and Chad discuss the new timeline for the project. Somewhere in there apparently Big Bro asks Chad to log into the admin account on my old work machine so he can pull the documents I'd accumulated about the planned architecture, the existing code, meeting notes, etc. Chad answers by apparently punching a hole in the wall, and leaving for the day (probably to go to the hospital to deal with his hand), at 10:30 in the morning. Big Bro then spends the rest of that week ostensibly working on recreating the documentation from scratch.
Part 2) When I asked how the new guy handled the new documentation, Big Bro laughed and told me there never was any documentation. Apparently he and Eddie had become really good friends in the months we worked there, to the point where they'd become roommates about a month before I left. More than that though, they'd decided to start a freelance/consulting business together and only had to decide on when to make that their full time jobs. Neither of them liked Chad much, and wanted to make their departure hurt as much as possible. So, they decide to make Big Bro's last day the day before the new guy starts, and Eddie would quit shortly afterward, sticking around just long enough to watch the bomb go off. Did I mention Big Bro never told Chad he was quitting? Yeah. He just didn't show up that Monday. He had, however, emailed that 'documentation' he'd spent a week writing to Chad. Turns out he wasn't documenting the code at all. He'd spent a week writing a letter explaining in excruciating detail why Chad was such a bad boss, and he'd emailed it to everyone in the company. I asked if he still had it so I could read it, and he sent it to me after the call.
Thankfully, like the big helper he was, Eddie had ensured that the new guy's email was set up and in the proper groups before the email was sent, so the guys first email in the company was a novella about the kind of person he' agreed to work for. Apparently Chad thought it was appropriate to take his frustration out on the new guy, who'd already read a significant portion of the email before Chad shoved him away from his desk and deleted it. Apparently new guy promptly decided (and rightfully so) that agreeing to work for Chad had been a mistake, packed up his things, and quit on the spot.
Part 3) With the new guy quitting, the August deadline was now little more than a dream within a dream, which according to Eddie doesn't stop Chad and Richard from trying to find that miracle rock star engineer who can save them from their own situation (which, given what they were offering as pay, didn't exist). So time advances in its unstoppable way, August arrives, and customers find that they've paid for something that hasn't been delivered yet, and pretty much unanimously demand refunds, with a few customers bringing legal action against them. With the amount they have to refund, and the money they now need for legal fees (because of they way they'd incorporated, they were personally liable), they could no longer afford to pay anyone, and were forced to shutter the business.
_________________
Final Note: For my fellow software engineers out there who were wondering just how bad this application was, this "program" was a single php file with over 40k lines of code, running inside a `while` loop. Any and all logic consisted of if/else trees, which then led to either more if/else trees or more loops. No function calls, no external libraries included, just.... spaghetti of the worst kind. Given the nature of the application, most critical logic had to be implemented in no less than seven places, depending on where the execution was when the logic was needed. At worst the tab-depth was something like nineteen or twenty tabs deep.
_________________
Post upvote-splosion edit:
I wanted to write out my thanks, and to answer some of your questions, but it turned into another long wall of text. So, instead I put it in a comment, which I'll link to here:
https://www.reddit.com/MaliciousCompliance/comments/lb8evx/cut_my_salary_in_half_kiss_your_business_goodbye/glvy3kg/

EDIT: Posting some comments below on the Volatility of RBC and L2 comments from a resident RBC whale.
Hi folks, it's snowy here (finally) and I couldn't be happier :)
Rubic is currently following it's trendline - it's been holding this for the last month. An uptrend. We are currently sitting at around 37 cents USD. 33-37 cents IS the bottom over the next few days - then 40 cents will be the bottom as we follow the trend line.
There was a surprise AMA this past Friday with Polygon (matic) to discuss Layer 2 solutions, and how the tech works. They also confirmed a partnership with Polygon during this AMA, and Polygon has stated they will start to Promote RBC. This is good.
The team is launching their marketing campaign in Korea and China this upcoming week. That should give us a wider audience outside of the NA reddit and BIZ. Anonymous trading is coming to RBC very soon - and this will be a big selling point to people in those countries.

The current timeline for updates:

• - Stop limit order book via chainlink coming on the 25th
• - Some slight UI changes to add uniswap and 1inch prices - allowing you to trade a coin using the best price available on the market
• - At the end of this month the team will start to approach exchanges, and top exchanges (this means Binance)
• - The CEO's other project is already on Binance, and has been partnered with binance smartchain for sometime.
• - The team is shifting it's focus to Layer 2 solutions. They will be using polygons protocols to help with GAS, while they focus on developing their own L2 solutions.
• - Cross Chain swaps are coming
• - Parachain is already implemented
• - Website UI overhaul and QoL changes are on it's way (this is a big one IMO)

The RBC exchange is setting out to basically unify all the dexes into one space, allowing the user to trade with lower GAS fees (and currently no trading fees exist as it is). Anonymous trading will also be huge, as trading on RBC will not leave a mile long record on your metamask. This coming soon as well.
It has a low marketcap, low supply , a dev team who has been in the crypto space for over 3 years and already has a working product (Mywish). Mywish helped to launch projects with NEO, EOS, WAVES and is partnered with Binance chain.
Currently the RBC exchange has a Binance chain paraswap function.
If you were thinking of getting in - do it over the next few days as we crab along the trend line upwards. Over the next month or so (without altcoin season money), we will start to move back to the 1 dollar range and more. When alt coin season comes hard - who knows where we go!

EDIT:

I'm going to paste something that one of our Rubic Whales said in telegram today regarding L2:

"The way L2 works (for any L2 not just matic) is that you have to on ramp your eth to the L2... This means paying the eth gas fee once initially (because ETH is garbage) to get into L2. Once you're inside the L2, you will then be able to trade whatever you want (as long as the tokens are listed on the layer) as much as you want for no fees. Using an outside party L2 means you are at the mercy of that tokens listing process...
So during the AMA, matic VP mentioned they have 120+ tokens pending to be listed. Rubic will be using the matic L2 so whatever tokens are available on the matic L2, you can trade for. When you "cash out" back to ETH, you will pay the eth gas fee because you're going back into L1 eth protocol at that point. What rubic wants to do is (long-term) build their own L2 so that they have control of what tokens are listed on the L2 protocol and not be hindered by whatever tokens matic has listed. This way, rubic has control of the tokens that can be worked with via L2 for low fee costs. Rubic is attempting to bring the same features of a CEX essentially... But to a dex with no KYC involved.
Also, making it anonymous adds a new layer on top of that. It's a real game changer. People who say 1inch has limit orders already do not understand the technical side of it clearly because all those "limit orders" are just what rubics order book is. It requires two parties to fill the contract manually. The limit orders on rubic will be true limit orders that you're used to on a CEX."

EDIT 2: RBC, FUD and Volatility.

There's a reason people often cite chainlink when talking about RBC - and it has nothing to do with similarities in the projects themselves (they are completely different), but more to do with price action and coordinated FUD. Back in 2017 I had over 4000 link, and i sold at 30 cents due to 4chan, telegram and reddit FUD. I'm never making that mistake again.
The last 3-4 weeks, RBC has had fake discord pics posted around 4chan and reddit. Fake Fiver ads doctoring pictures of the devs. The amount of FUD has been endless. Why? Because people want the price to drop, to buy in.
We also have a daily issue while crabbing between updates or announcements where the price is manipulated by whales and swingers. You can watch the same wallets dump when it's about to pass a threshold (today it's 40 cents). They bring it back to 34ish cents (along the uptrend support line), then let people buy back up to 39 cents, rinse and repeat. This serves two annoying functions: It causes weak hands to sell, and the whales accumulate more. It's annoying, but this will just continue to happen for another couple of weeks until we get in more exchanges, unfortunately.
During the panic sell of from 70 back to 40 cents last week, none of the top whale wallets sold a dime. In fact they have continued to accumulate. This is good.
Everyday we continue to grow in holders. Currently we are at around 6,150 or so. The Devs start marketing in Korea and China this week. We definitely need a more general audience invested into RBC, ones that don't read the 4chan fud. I'm very excited to see investors from other countries come in.
At any rate;
DYOR
RBC Trend line 4 hour chart: https://ibb.co/t3158tk
RBC one pager: https://rubic.finance/assets/pdf/OnePager.pdf
RBC white paper: https://rubic.finance/assets/WhitePaper.pdf
RBC Telegram: https://t.me/cryptorubic_chat
You can purchase either through Uniswap or the RBC exchange.
Cheers!

The Mysterious Death of King Ludwig II of Bavaria

Quick Summary
King Ludwig II of Bavaria, the 'fairytale king' or 'Märchenkönig" died at the age of 40 in mysterious circumstances on the 13th of June 1886, when his lifeless body was found floating in Lake Starnberg, south of Munich, together with the corpse of his physician. Only a few days after his uncle Luitpold had the king declared mentally incapable of reigning. His death was officially ruled a suicide by drawing. However, as the circumstances surrounding his death became public the official version was immediately constested by parts of Bavarian society and the mystery of what exactly led to his death remains until today.
DISCLAIMER: King Ludwig II was born into the von Wittelsbach family (which had ruled Bavaria for almost 800 years) and ruled as Monarch for 22 years. In this write-up for obvious reasons I will focus on the circumstances and information that I find related to understanding his death.
Early Life
Born at Nymphenburg Palace, Ludwig was both extremely indulged and severely controlled by his tutors and subjected to a strict regimen of study and exercise. Some point to these stresses of growing up in a royal family as the causes for much of his odd behavior as an adult. Ludwig was not close to either of his parents. His father King Maximilian's advisers had suggested that on his daily walks he might like, at times, to be accompanied by his future successor. The King replied, "But what am I to say to him? After all, my son takes no interest in what other people tell him." Later, Ludwig would refer to his mother as "my predecessor's consort".
Crown Prince Ludwig was in his 19th year when his father died after a three-day illness, and he ascended the Bavarian throne. Although he was not prepared for high office, his youth and brooding good looks made him popular in Bavaria and elsewhere at first.
Ludwig II, the Fairy King
His real interests were in art, music, and architecture. One of the first acts of his reign, a few months after his accession, was to summon Richard Wagner to his court. The King was notably eccentric in ways that made serving as Bavaria's head of state problematic. He disliked large public functions and avoided formal social events whenever possible, preferring a life of seclusion that he pursued with various creative projects. These idiosyncrasies, combined with his avoidance of Munich and participating in the government, caused considerable tension with the king's government ministers.
Noticeably shy, over the years he hired hundreds of artists such as actors and musicians to perform only for him, sometimes accompanied by a friend. Ludwig II also famously used his personal fortune to fund the construction of a series of elaborate castles as well as expanding and renovating many other royal properties and palaces. The most famous of this endeavors was the construction of Schloss Neuschwanstein, an incredible ambitious project with many lavish details and at a difficult location on the peak of a mountain.
Power struggle and deposition
By 1885, the king was 14 million marks in debt, had borrowed heavily from his family, and ignoring advice from his ministers, planned further opulent designs without pause. He demanded that loans be sought from all of Europe's royalty, and remained aloof from matters of state. With tensions increasing between him and his ministers, King Ludwig started planning on replacing all his advisors. His cabinet decided to act first.
Seeking a cause to depose Ludwig by constitutional means, the rebelling ministers decided on the rationale that he was mentally ill, and unable to rule. They asked Ludwig's uncle, Prince Luitpold, to step into the royal vacancy once Ludwig was deposed. Luitpold agreed, on condition the conspirators produced reliable proof that the king was, in fact, helplessly insane. The conspirators assembled a Medical Report, on Ludwig's fitness to rule. The bizarre behavior included his pathological shyness, his avoidance of state business, his complex and expensive flights of fancy, dining out of doors in cold weather and wearing heavy overcoats in summer, sloppy and childish table manners, dispatching servants on lengthy and expensive voyages to research architectural details in foreign lands; and abusive, violent threats to his servants. The degree to which these accusations were accurate may never be known.
The report was finalized and signed by a panel of four psychiatrists: none of which had actually examined the King. The report declared that the king suffered from paranoia, and concluded, "Suffering from such a disorder, freedom of action can no longer be allowed and Your Majesty is declared incapable of ruling".
In the early hours of 12 June the King was seized and taken to a waiting carriage. He asked Dr. Gudden, "How can you declare me insane? After all, you have never seen or examined me before," only to be told that "it was unnecessary; the evidence is overwhelming." Ludwig was transported to Berg Castle on the shores of Lake Starnberg, south of Munich. Ludwig's uncle Luitpold took over government responsibility as Prince Regent on June 10.
Death
On June 13th, the king and Bernhard von Gudden (one of the doctors that signed his medical report stating he was unfit to rule) went for a walk in the castle park on the lake, accompanied by two attendants. Shortly after 6 p.m., the King reminded Gudden of a planned second walk, along the shore of Lake Starnberg. Gudden agreed; the walk may even have been his suggestion, and he told the aides not to join them. His words were ambiguous (Es darf kein Pfleger mitgehen, "No attendant may come with [us]") and whether they were meant to follow at a discreet distance is not clear. The two men were last seen at about 6:30 pm.
Photograph of the path King Ludwig II took when he was last seen.
Two searchers and the fisherman Jakob Lidl went out by boat and found the bodies of both the king and the doctor floating in shallow water around 11 pm. The doctor’s body, with a broken fingernail and scratches and bruises on his face, showed signs of a struggle. According to both a doctor’s report made that night and the king’s autopsy, Ludwig’s body had no visible injuries other than a scrape on the knee. The King's watch had stopped at 6:54.
No autopsy was performed on the doctor, but because he was floating, we can presume his lungs weren’t filled with water. Drowning victims sink once that happens, especially when bogged down by waterlogged clothing and shoes. Gudden's body showed blows to the head and neck and signs of strangulation, leading to the suspicion that he was strangled, although no other evidence was found to prove this.
That’s the official government’s version, at least. The death of King Ludwig II occurred when he rushed into the lake to commit suicide by drowning and Dr. Gudden tried to stop him. In the ensuing struggle, the king killed the doctor, waded out to drown in deeper water, drowned, and then floated back to shore.
The many theories
A Secret Witness?
Jakob Lidl, from whose boat the bodies were found, committed to his diary his memories about the death of King Ludwig II. After his death, the diary passed on to his heirs. In 1960, one of those heirs, Martin Mertl, told the Ludwig researcher Albert Widemann what Lidl had told him privately years ago: The king wanted to flee on that fateful night and Lidl waited for him on the shore with his boat. But when the king climbed into Lidl’s boat, someone shot him in the back and killed him instantly. Fearing for his life, Lidl pushed the corpse out of the boat and paddled home.
Mertl gave Widemann a page from Lidl’s diary, and Widemann had a handwriting expert compare the handwriting to Lidl’s known handwriting. The expert, in a report dated May 27, 1961, concluded the diary was authentic. On Mertl’s death, Lidl’s diary disappeared, frustrating further research efforts. But Widemann had photographed the two sides of the diary page, and they have since been published, along with the handwriting analysis.
On that diary page, Lidl wrote that Ludwig and Gudden hadn’t been engaged in a physical struggle. The footprints in the muddy bottom of the lakeshore were faked the following morning. A fisherman, Lidl wrote, used a pole with wooden shoes to create the scene of a struggle on the lake bottom.
The Bullet Wound Theory
Rudolf Magg, a local physician who examined the dead king before he was transferred to Munich, may have also left behind written material. Another physician, who treated Magg’s daughter Anna, contacted Widemann to say he had once seen a document written by Magg in Anna’s home. Magg’s purported protocol said he wanted to clear his conscience in his old age. His report on his examination of the deceased wasn’t true. The Bavarian ministry had ordered him to write that. In truth, Magg wrote, the king had bullet entry wounds in his back.
The physician who reported having read Magg’s protocol, however, wished to remain anonymous. Following Anna Magg’s death, it wasn’t found. The lack of physical evidence makes it difficult to assess not only the protocol’s veracity but its existence.
A Royal Coat With Bullet Holes?
Another member of the House of Wittelsbach, Countess Wrnba-Kaunitz, claimed to have possessed the coat Ludwig wore at the time of his death. Numerous witnesses state the countess showed them the coat, and more specifically, two bullet holes in the back. Two of them have even made sworn statements. Gertrud Untermöhle signed an oath that she visited the countess in 1952. When their conversation turned to the death of King Ludwig II, the countess sprung up and said she had something to show Gertrud. It was a gray coat. It had two bullet holes in the back with black edges. Also under oath, Detlev Untermöhle (Gertrud’s son?) claimed he and his mother visited the countess around 1957 when he was ten. The countess said she would show them the truth about the death of King Ludwig II. She pulled a gray coat out of a chest and showed them two bullet holes in the back.
The coat disappeared after the countess and her husband died in a house fire in 1973. Without physical evidence, it’s impossible to say whether the gray coat really belonged to the king. If he was really murdered, why didn’t the conspirators destroy the evidence? Had any of the witness seen blood on the coat? Those questions remain unanswered.
The Artist and the Art Historian
Did an artist also leave behind evidence? Professor Siegfried Wichmann, an art historian, world-renowned expert on 19th-century paintings, and chairman of the Bavarian State Museum, said in a 2009 article that art appraisals for private clients are part of his job. In 1967, someone brought him a sketch of three faces and asked him to assess its authenticity. On the right, it showed a man in shock looking at the face in the middle, apparently of a dead man. The man on the right is in tears and also looking at the dead man. Three names were written on the back of the painting, “S. von Löwenfeld” (Ludwig’s personal physician, who was also present at the king’s autopsy), “Ludwig II,” and “Hornig.”
Professor Wichmann concluded the middle face showed King Ludwig II in death and that the Bavarian painter Hermann Kaulbach had sketched it. What surprised Wichmann was the blood. Kaulbach’s sketch showed blood trickling out of the dead king’s mouth – indicative of a firearm injury to the chest, not drowning. Although Wichmann lost contact with the original owner, he had the sketch photographed according to appraisal protocol and archived the photograph. Wichmann believes King Ludwig II was murdered, and this sketch was Kaulbach’s method of leaving the evidence behind. You can see the sketch here.
His curiosity piqued by the Kaulbach sketch, Wichmann began researching the death of King Ludwig II. When the estate of Dr. Schleiss von Löwenstein, the personal royal physician depicted in the sketch, went to auction in an estate sale, Professor Wichmann decided to buy it. Inside the cover of one of Dr. Schleiss’s books, Professor Wichmann found a handwritten statement about the circumstances of the death of King Ludwig II.
According to that statement, Dr. Schleiss was concerned about the king’s safety and traveled to the Castle Berg, where the king was imprisoned, on the day Ludwig died. He went in the accompaniment of the artist Hermann Kaulbach and two brothers named Hornig. Realizing, once they arrived, that something strange was afoot, they rushed down the lakeshore. But they arrived minutes too late. King Ludwig II was dead. He had been shot in the back, and Dr. Gudden was on the shore, changing the king’s clothes and trying to stop the blood flow from the fatal wounds. When discovered, Dr. Gudden rushed at them with a syringe. In the ensuing struggle, the Hornig brothers strangled the psychiatrist. Kaulbach, who had sketching material with him, began sketching the king’s face at the lakeshore and finished later that night after the corpses had been brought to a boathouse. Conspirators then invented the story about the king killing the doctor and the king’s suicide by drowning.
Sources and further reading:
https://www.ornaverum.org/family/kaulback/hermann-von-kaulbach.html
https://www.annmarieackermann.com/death-of-king-ludwig-ii-bavaria-murde
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_II_of_Bavaria
https://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/collections/departments/germanic-collections/about-collections/spotlight-archive/death-king-ludwig

(PART 1) Two weeks ago, we had an incident at the museum when venomous glass butterflies escaped their enclosures.
(PART 2) Last week, the first child visited the horrifying museum, setting off a cascade of horror. And, for the first time in fifteen years, the museum’s phone rang.
This week, I found myself scrubbing away at the SCATTERBRAIN mirror in the paranormal wing of the museum. The premise was simple: the mirror’s deep navy and galaxy-sparkled reflection would read your eyes, and the deepest horrors and fears from the recesses of your mind would scatter onto the mirror like brain-paint. If I’m being completely honest, I utterly dreaded cleaning the mirror. I hated seeing my daughters distorted face staring back at me, or the reanimated horrors of the museum eating away at my flesh. Yes, I’m talking about you, Mariette. I peered my head out the large doorway to the plastic doll in her display.
My microfiber cloth polished the blood and muck from the corners of the mirror’s golden ornamental frame. It reached between the crevices of the perched gargoyles it depicted in its etchings around the rim of its face. Around the center I swirled and swirled until it was squeaky tidy. When I saw my daughter Sophia, I met her imaginary hand at the interface of the reflection with mine. When I saw monstrous exhibitions standing behind my shoulders, I rolled two unimpressed eyes. Cleaning carried my mind to the clouds, and I thought about the museum rather than the labor ahead of me.
I guess there is great fear in unknowing. And, like a disease, the fear I once had for the museum’s daunting artifacts soon spread to another host once I became accustomed to its horrifying mechanisms while living in its belly for so long. The unpredictable fear and excitement of the building bit the wealthy visitors like a rabid dog, and my panic no longer grew from the museum’s walls but blossomed from the cruel diseased hearts of the deplorable rich people that visited. I could always predict the way the museum would react, never the manner human malice could. And, every week, I had no choice but to confront those who visited the museum and mold myself to their erratic and sickening behavior.
It was the same fear that gripped me fifteen years ago before I signed the employment contract. The fear I had in my twenties, the fear that came from finding out my daughter’s cancer was untreatable without chemotherapy. We were young, and my job didn’t pay enough for costly therapy. Hopelessness met me at the end of an empty whiskey bottle, which had stared at me accusingly until the very last drop. I was a failed father with nothing but time on his hands to watch my daughter Sophia wither away and observe her joyful, smiling soul fall through my fingers like sand. That was, until, the day I saw a strange article in the newspaper.
TOUR GUIDE WANTED, it read. When I saw the salary listed, I saw not dollar signs but my daughter’s bright smile. My mind’s eye witnessed her future graduation, her wedding - the second chance from the cruel illness that had been pulling her from my arms and into a child-sized coffin.
The employment contract to be the tour guide at the private museum was simple, yet unforgiving. The paycheck was huge, enough to solve my personal woes and help my family. Though, the paperwork was littered with strange clauses. Most of which ended with: IN EVENT OF BREACHING THIS AGREEMENT, EMPLOYEE IS SUBJECT TO IMMEDIATE TERMINATION AND EXSANGUINATION.
If you don’t know what exsanguination means, it’s a showy word to describe draining your circulation of blood. I was twenty-something, desperate, and I had guessed the word meant that they were going to forcibly take me from the property. Later, when I found out what it meant, I consoled myself it was merely a sick joke – no organization simply murdered unruly employees. My wife, however, didn’t find it amusing. Though, desperation took me, it propelled me to sign up for Sophia’s sake. And the museum held me in its jaws for fifteen years. The contract was indefinite, and early termination would result in one thing: EXSANGUINATION. This was no known organization, no one would hear me scream - not even God. And in this place, there was no God, only the rich and famous.
Last week when I picked up the phone, a voice sprinkled with familiarity met my ear. It was the voice of someone I had heard before, sounding deep and curdled between obese lips. It was the museum curator, and I had not spoken to him in fifteen years since the day he presented me with my contract.
“Hi there boy-o!” He boomed; a hissing of stubble sounded through the archaic museum phone.
“Who is this?” I murmured.
He bellowed a fat man’s laugh. “Oh, you don’t recall?”
My stomach sank when I remembered the curator’s voice.
We spoke for a while, and the conversation was short and terrifying. He was understanding, but beneath his bubbly tone was an underlying and unsated desire for cruelty. He was just like the rest.
After a short chat, he coughed into the phone to break the catchup. “What I’m trying to say, lad, is that I appreciate your commitment to the museum. That I do, that I do. For the guest list tonight…” He paused, murmuring gibberish as he read something. “Yes, yes. Five will be attending the function tonight, four of which are guests.”
I nodded to myself, I was off the hook. But why was he calling me?
“Great, I’ll-“
“The last attendee is not a guest, rather, will be there for your aforementioned exsanguination.”
I think my heart stopped.
“Excuse me?” I said.
“Oh, it’s not all bad, chap. If the attendee is incapacitated and unable to carry out this clause of your contract – uh, kill you, we’ll be seeing you on time for work next week. Cheerio!”
The phone clicked off.
It was a painful week after that night, and my heart never left my throat. Every waking moment my mind would drift and be reminded that someone was coming to the museum to end me. I supposed that was always a risk when giving tours to the deplorable brats that visited. But this was different. Whoever it was, their sole goal was to leave my body cold and lifeless.
I checked my watch after I had finished polishing the mirror and began walking towards the enormous foyer.
Uneasiness, as well as my turning stomach, almost made me forget it had to feed TOOTHFAIRY.
Up the stairs I went and down the halls, passing the locked steel door on my way. I had never opened that door and it always tickled my curiosity, though there was absolutely no way inside without a key. Besides, it was a matter for another time. The guests were going to arrive in fifteen minutes. So was my executioner.
At the end of the flowing walls of the music and art exhibition was a dimly lit doorway that I rarely entered. Outside on a large golden placard above the entrance: TOOTHFAIRY. The room inside was a dark cubed space with painted black walls. A single spotlight illuminated the painting hung in the center of the furthest wall.
A horrifying face of an anguished man was brushed across the canvas that looked like a hairless, burning corpse. Its mouth and eyes were vacant holes; distant white specks could be made out in the open cavities of its face. Teeth. Throatfuls and eye sockets lined with hundreds of teeth.
We were given this painting from a woman who saw the face move on her bedroom wall. Obviously, no art dealers would take her up on a donation.
Our cleaners kept the teeth from our deceased visitor’s corpses for a special reason. It’s grotesque, sure, but completely necessary. From my maroon waistcoat pocket, I pulled a handful of bloody teeth and fit them snugly in the rim of the artworks ornamental frame.
Monthly feeding became a ritual so he didn’t leave the painting and walk the halls. I hated the times I forgot to feed him. The times he crawled out of the canvas dye and slogged around the halls, looking for me.
I checked my watch, it was five-fifty-nine. The museum was about to open.
Quickly adjusting my waistcoat and brushing my hair, I came tapping down the marble staircase of the vast foyer. With two hands, I pulled open the enormous door.
As usual, the rich folk sauntered into the museum on their invisible high horses. My wandering eye scanned and assessed them quickly, any one of them could be my undoing. In the group of five there was two men: one plump and stubby, another gaunt and scraggly. Out of the three women, two were bony and frightening to look at like fleshy scarecrows with long, pompous noses. Lastly was a lady that was quite pale and beautiful, her eyes quite small on her face which was framed by ash-black bangs and a ponytail.
That woman, however, stood out to me long after we had begun the tour. The ponytail of hers didn’t stick out from her rich-girl high horse, rather her middleclass mannerism. She carried herself with a pride that was of a hardworking businesswoman, content and happy with her nine-to-five, not the accomplished grandeur of reeling in millions of dollars of fortune from multiple estates. Was this her?
I took them through a couple exhibitions, passing the glass-walled hallways between our greenhouses where Holly had eaten a man the week before. They clapped at the Venus flytrap’s enormous, olive mouth as it twisted under the evening starlight, oblivious to its horrific history. Though, maybe one of them knew. The one the curator had spoken to must have known everything.
We had stopped at the paranormal wing. They saw Mariette for a while before their eyes then set on something else.
“What’s under here?” A woman said, pulling at a display cabinet’s blanket.
“Take a look.” I said, pulling the fabric away with one shaky hand like a magician terrified of a failing stunt.
He had no human mouth nor teeth; his snout was the long hairy tube-appendage of a blowfly. You could see his black eyes in the incandescent light at certain angles – they had faded to pitch after the many years of anguish and isolation in his glass prison. His face was a charcoal black, not gray; so was his gangly body that broke out wings and spiny limbs through his hairy graphite flesh. There was no white in his eyes, only a screen-door pattern upon two bulging, dark eyeballs that housed a thousand more. He watched us unblinkingly through the glass, one deformed wing buzzing and clicking. Moving. Half human, half fly. Below the display on a golden placard, it read: BEELZEBUB.
The woman in a long brunette ponytail leaned in and gawked, pressing her done-up nails against the glass with a clack. As she turned her head to say: “Shouldn’t he be in the insect exhibit, guide?”. The thing inside the glass turned his revolting head, too, as if it could understand her. As if he felt mocked.
There were a couple chuckles from the rich crowd. My jaw tightened, though. They were upsetting him.
“He was there originally, yes.” I wiped one sweaty palm against my trousers. “He was brought into the museum by an anonymous donor, describing it as being the product of experimental chemical warfare.”
The lady nodded pensively; the thing buzzed inside the glass.
“However,” I continued. “Our team quickly disproved this. Our museum was unable to understand what this creature was, nor what happened to him. And so, he rots his days away stuck in the paranormal wing. It’s tragic, but necessary. I personally believe the person who donated him thought we were his last resort to dispose of him.”
Suddenly, one hairy feeler braced the glass and stuck against the barrier like a sickly black hoof. I felt queasy and wanted to move on, but the questions kept pouring.
“How did he get that name?” A man’s voice said from the back.
“In theology, Beelzebub was one of the seven princes of hell. In Ugaritic, the name roughly translates to lord of the flies.” My eye briefly caught the thing in the display cabinet bending its head to the side like a confused dog, one disgusting tube-snout rocking back and forth like a pacifier.
“Does it think? I mean, like you or I?”
“We simply don’t know.” I said. “Not many staff come into this exhibition chamber, let alone try interact with the pieces.”
Extending one arm forward, I ushered the crowd to walk on. We did for a while, until I noticed the woman with the black ponytail still pressed against the glass gawking at the blowfly’s body.
“Ma’am?”
She pointed an index finger at it for a couple moments before speaking. “I want to try speak to him. He looks like he’s in pain.”
“I don’t think that’s a good ide-“
“You- You probably pass him every day you work here,” She interrupted, her tone searing me like hot coal. “Giving tours, cleaning cabinets. And not once have you tried to find out if he’s still human in there?” Her finger darted against the glass to his bulbous, hairy black head.
I glared at her for a while and brooded. Did this museum guest have compassion? No... I swallowed. Was this her? The curator’s inside woman? The one trying to kill me? If she got any closer to the fly, she would be as good as dead. Though, I might be the collateral damage.
“We should move on.” I asserted.
She snorted. “No, I don’t think we shall.” The lady nodded her head towards to the enclosure. “Open it.”
“You are welcome to try to communicate with it through the glass.” I rapped my knuckles against the boundary.
She stared at me with shark eyes. “With the glass, he’s an animal. Without, he’s equal. I want to speak to him as such, now open the goddamn cabinet.” She boomed.
I couldn’t think straight anymore, the curator’s game was plaguing me. This had to be her, right? She was going to let Beelzebub free and kill us.
Still, I had a plan.
My shaky hand gripped the master key and slowly fumbled it into the cabinet’s lock. Inside, the abomination sucked its tube-snout pacifier back and forth in excitement. Its thousands of eyes saw fresh meat; he was hungry.
The woman reached her arm around and climbed into the cabinet with the creature, her expensive slippers skidding along the flooring with a screech. She was talking brave before, but confronted with the towering, contorted thing ahead, the lighting painted her pale face a horrified grimace. At that moment, she knew she wanted to get out.
The back of the woman’s still hung out past the cabinet’s doorframe in case she needed a quick exit, she didn’t dare stand fully inside the fly’s enclosure.
My heart was beating out of my chest. She was going to let him out, and Beelzebub shall suck my flesh through his face-straw like a human strawberry milkshake.
Breathing was hard, I felt like I was going to pass out.
Without warning, I kicked the woman forward. My foot planted itself on her back and she went tumbling into the enclosure and against the far end of the glass, screaming, screaming. I shut and locked the door swiftly. The curator will not have my head this evening. I found her. She’s the one who wants me dead.
“Help me!” She screamed. Gasps of the crowd behind me sounded like they were wheezing into balloons.
I leaned one hand against the door. “You wanted to speak to him face to face.”
The abomination was reanimated. Spiny insectoid hooks spread from its hairy half-human flesh; it spread and beat its ghoulish, torn wings. It was ready to feast.
“What the hell are you doing?” One of the men behind shouted.
I turned my head to him. “Complying.”
Suddenly, the woman’s drumming fists did something the frail insect’s hooves never could. She smashed a hole in the cabinet from the inside and came tumbling out onto the floor in a cascade of glass.
One of the pompous rich men laughed. He turned to run, but the buzzing monstrosity caught him.
From its glass prison, it spurted from its mouth tube; slime covered the man’s face like sage jelly dotted with smaller, black blowflies. It was like something out of my nightmares of Sophia.
The blowflies bored holes into his flesh, into his cheeks. Crawling didn’t get him far. The flies were already digging, digging. He screamed and the rest of the guests screamed, too. Flies buried under his cheeks and came crawling out through the corners of his eyes. Red gaping holes emerged beneath skin that popped like peach-colored balloons filled with bloody paint. The flies were even inside his gums, and the man screamed. He screamed and screamed until the screams were no more, until it was just me alone beside his corpse with the flies that crawled and squirmed inside his spiny flesh suit.
On my knees I vomited against a marble wall, my hand meeting his pool of life fluid on the floor. Exsanguinated.
Beelzebub’s mouth-tube met one of the man’s calves and sucked chunks of his fleshy soup up with a thurp like Satan’s vacuum cleaner.
From crawling to standing I broke into a sprint, managing to steady by dragging my hand against the marble as I ran, leaving trails of bloody finger-painted lines – a grotesque artwork only the TOOTHFAIRY could appreciate.
My feet skidded around the ground as I bolted around corners, past the living wall and deep-sea exhibition. At the end of one hallway, my eye caught her ponytail that darted into the museum’s theater. She was up to something; her plan failed, now she was finding something else to kill me.
Inside, the theater was vast and ornate, with rows upon rows of silky lilac seats. Marble balconies reached out over the stage like great, expensive white clouds. Small holes projected streams of light from the theater’s corners, ceiling, and stage. A brilliantly blue humpback whale suspended in shifting light floated from the entrance beside me, downhill the slope of seats before blubbering and disappearing into the wall as the projectors flickered. Specks of light from its shooting spout had hit my face like droplets of rain and felt like cold fingers against my cheek. For a short lifespan, our theatre and its holograms were real.
The brunette woman didn’t know that. Though, she was my executioner. Maybe she did.
I slowly stepped down the staircase.
She was shaking, screaming at me from the stage, her voice echoing in the enormous decorative room. “Get- get away from me!”
I stepped closer, closer. And she didn’t stop screaming. “You- You locked me in the cabinet with…” As she trailed off, the lights dimmed to a pitch-black. The next show was about to commence.
Trumpets suddenly boomed and shook the theater, spotlights illuminated a single holographic soldier cleaning his rifle to the right of his stage. The next showing was a war performance I had seen many times before.
My heart was beating in my chest, the fly was searching the halls for more food, and we were the closest feast.
I was pleading for us to leave at the top of my lungs over the loud roaring trumpets, barely hearing my own voice. The woman backed away, tears streaming down her face and distorting her mascara.
As if possessed by the museum, the soldier finished cleaning his gun, turned and gave me a sickening grin. White light flickered a show of revoltingly sharp teeth as he loaded his rifle. I had watched this presentation hundreds of times, and this was a first.
I screamed; the trumpets boomed and boomed. She kept walking backwards, away from me and into the soldier’s line of fire. My mouth was agape, my shriek rumbled my lungs with reverb, my soundless voice tearing away at my coarse throat.
The holographic bullet tore through her skull, a hammer meeting fleshy coconut. Bits of blood and brain painted chickenpox specks of death upon my maroon waistcoat. And the projected soldier showed teeth.
I thought back to the mirror I had cleaned earlier. SCATTERBRAIN.
Animated, the museum’s horrifying specter slowly bent to one knee and began loading his rifle with the next non-existent bullet.
I tumbled over seats and stairs as I sprinted from the stage towards the entrance, holes tearing away at the lilac fabric of the chairs as he shot, opening flaps like blooming verbena flowers.
I might have thrown up again if I didn’t have to keep running. Beelzebub slogged behind me distantly at the end of the hallway; his spiny, hooked feet screeching against the marble. Buzzing mocked me from behind as a deformed wing that was never meant to fly twitched in the starlight that flooded over his hairy thorax.
Guests were still screaming in the foyer, they darted in every angle like shaken ants.
My hand reached for the museum’s front door. My lady executioner was dead, but my eyes were traumatized with gore. I couldn’t bare it anymore. I reached to pull the door open and-
The museum’s phone rang.
Once again, my heart felt like it stopped beating.
I let go of my shaky grip around the cold doorhandle.
Up the stairs I went, wiping one sweaty hand against my trouser leg. Reluctantly, I reached for the phone.
“Hello?” My quiet voice fell out of my mouth.
“Oh, guide,” The sound of the plump curator pulling from his cigarette. “Your debt in punishment has been paid. None of tonight’s guests were anything special.”
I swallowed sour spit. My throat was tight. “What do you mean?”
“They’re middle-class volunteers on a luxury sponsored trip to a private museum - none were there for the exsanguination. And boy-o, did you prove that you belong here or what?”
I slammed the phone on my reception desk, the sound of plastic echoing throughout the foyer and ringing in my ears.
A cold feeling flooded my chest, my horrible realization dismantled me: This week, the guests never did anything particularly dreadful. It was me alone who had cornered them into hell from fear of losing my own life. My punishment from the curator was never death. It was torment.
Was I a monster, too?
For a while, I cried in the foyer, oblivious to the screaming and carnage unfolding throughout the museum. Tears flowed down my face and stained paperwork of dead guests; my hands still shaking from fear and dread from the museum's looming and reanimated monstrosities. Beelzebub was coming.
I didn’t like what I was becoming. I was going to leave this dreadful museum, no matter the price.

I kind of can't believe this is happening! I am feeling a mix of emotions.
I am feeling validated, nauseous, anxious, and euphoric to a degree.
I cannot begin to express the mental gymnastics it has taken to get to this point, from finally leaving an abusive relationship, to realizing how horrible his treatment of me really was, to making the decision to report him.
I could not - repeat COULD NOT have done this without the support from my one friend who knew, the amazing communities online, and counsellors. I am so grateful to have had these people in my life, and I am so proud of myself for finally cultivating the courage after almost 30 years of life to ASK FOR HELP AND SUPPORT.
This feels like a big win. I could never have anticipated that I would even be believed, let alone for the process to be taken this far already.
I dedicate this day to all the other survivors of sexual violence, IPV, and abuse of all kinds. Those who have not, and may never have the opportunity to share their story, or find justice through the legal system. Also to all those who choose to keep their stories private, I stand with you tonight <3
Thank you for reading. Know that your voice and your words MATTER.
EDIT: HOLY **** GUYS! This got waaay more attention than I expected, and is honestly pretty overwhelming because it's such a personal issue. Firstly to all those who have offered support- THANK YOU!! And to all those who have given me awards THANK YOU! I have tried to thank you all personally, but if I missed you THANK YOU! It's all totally unnecessary.
Secondly, to all the people sending me hateful PMs after going through my account history, I politely request that you stop! I have sadly turned off the PM function so this will no longer be an option. There is a reason this account is anonymous in order to protect myself, and yes if you're curious about what it looks like to downward spiral in an abusive relationship, escape, and then get to this point, it's all there! Sending love to all those reading, even those who this angers, because something tells me you're suffering more than any of us.

Welcome to the /Bitcoin Sticky FAQ

You've probably been hearing a lot about Bitcoin recently and are wondering what's the big deal? Most of your questions should be answered by the resources below but if you have additional questions feel free to ask them in the comments.
It all started with the release of Satoshi Nakamoto's whitepaper however that will probably go over the head of most readers so we recommend the following articles/books/videos as a good starting point for understanding how bitcoin works and a little about its long term potential:

• Article: The Bullish Case for Bitcoin
• Book: The Bitcoin Standard
• Video 1: The Stories We Tell About Money - Andreas Antonopoulos
• Video 2: The Bitcoin Standard - Saifdean Ammous
• Video 3: Bitcoin 101 - Balaji Srinivasan
• Video 4: Bitcoin Macro Strategy - Michael Saylor & Ross Stevens
• Video 5: The Saylor Series - Michael Saylor & Robert Breedlove
• Video 6: Bitcoin S2FX, S2F and Evolution From Collectible to Financial Asset - Stephan Livera, PlanB & Saifdean Ammous

Some other great resources include Michael Saylor's "Bitcoin for Everybody"' course, Jameson Lopp's resource page, Gigi's resource page, and James D'Angelo's Bitcoin 101 Blackboard series. Some excellent writing on Bitcoin's value proposition and future can be found at the Satoshi Nakamoto Institute.
If you are technically or academically inclined check out developer resources and peer-reviewed research papers, course lectures from both MIT and Princeton as well as future protocol improvements and scaling resources. Some Bitcoin statistics can be found here, here and here. MicroStrategy's Bitcoin for Corporations is an excellent open source series on corporate legal and financial bitcoin integration.
You can also see the number of times Bitcoin was declared dead by the media (LOL) and what you could have earned if you didn't listen to them! XD

Key properties of Bitcoin

• Limited Supply - There will only ever be 21,000,000 bitcoin created and they are issued in a predictable fashion per the inflation schedule. Once they are all issued Bitcoin will be truly deflationary. The halving countdown tells you how much time until the next drop in block rewards.
• Open source - Bitcoin code is fully auditable. You can read and contribute to the source code yourself.
• Accountable - The public ledger is transparent, all transactions are seen by everyone.
• Decentralized - Bitcoin is globally distributed across thousands of nodes with no single point of failure and as such can't be shut down similar to how Bittorrent works. You can even run a node on a Raspberry Pi.
• Censorship resistant - No one can prevent you from interacting with the bitcoin network and no one can censor, alter or block transactions that they disagree with, see Operation Chokepoint.
• Push system - There are no chargebacks in bitcoin because only the person who owns the address where the bitcoin resides has the authority to move them.
• Low fee scaling - Most wallets calculate on chain fees automatically but you can view fee estimates and mempool activity if you want to set your fee manually. On chain fees may rise occasionally due to network demand, however instant micropayments that do not require confirmations are happening via the Lightning Network, a second layer scaling solution currently rolling out on the Bitcoin mainnet.
• Borderless - No country can stop it from going in/out, even in areas currently unserved by traditional banking as the ledger is globally distributed.
• Trustless - Bitcoin solved the Byzantine's Generals Problem which means nobody needs to trust anybody for it to work.
• Pseudonymous - No need to expose personal information when purchasing with cash or transacting.
• Secure - Blocks and transactions are cryptographically secured (using hashes and signatures) and can’t be brute forced or confiscated with proper key management such as hardware wallets.
• Programmable - Individual units of bitcoin can be programmed to transfer based on certain criteria being met
• Nearly instant - From a few seconds on the lightning network to a few minutes on-chain depending on need for confirmations. Transactions are irreversible by normal users after one confirmation and irreversible by anyone (including miners) after 6 confirmations.
• Peer-to-peer - No intermediaries taking a cut, no need for trusted third parties.
• Portable - Bitcoin are digital so they are easier to move than cash or gold. They can be transported by simply carrying a seed (a string of 12 to 24 words) on a device or by memorizing it for wallet recovery (while cool, memorizing is generally not recommended due to potential for forgetting the seed and the potential for insecure key generation by inexperienced users. Hardware wallets are the preferred method for most users for their ease of use and additional security).
• Scalable - While the protocol is still being optimized for increased transaction capacity, blockchains do not scale very well, so most transaction volume is expected to occur on Layer 2 networks built on top of Bitcoin.
• Divisible - Each bitcoin can be divided down to 8 decimals, which means you don't have to worry about buying an entire bitcoin.
• Designed Money - Bitcoin was created to fit all the fundamental properties of money better than gold or fiat

Where can I buy bitcoin?

Bitcoin.org and BuyBitcoinWorldwide.com are helpful sites for beginners. You can buy or sell any amount of bitcoin (even just a few dollars worth) and there are several easy methods to purchase bitcoin with cash, credit card or bank transfer. Some of the more popular resources are below, also check out the bitcoinity exchange resources for a larger list of options for purchases.

• Cash app
• Gemini
• Swan
• River Financial
• Bitstamp
• BitFinex
• Xapo
• Kraken
• Cex
• LocalBitcoins
• LibertyX
• P2P exchange list (decentralized)

You can also purchase in cash with local ATMs. If you would like your paycheck automatically converted to bitcoin use Bitwage.
Note: Bitcoin are valued at whatever market price people are willing to pay for them in balancing act of supply vs demand. Unlike traditional markets, bitcoin markets operate 24 hours per day, 365 days per year.

Securing your bitcoin

With bitcoin you can "Be your own bank" and personally secure your bitcoin OR you can use third party companies aka "Bitcoin banks" which will hold the bitcoin for you.

• If you prefer to "Be your own bank" and have direct control over your coins without having to use a trusted third party, then you will need to create your own wallet and keep it secure. If you want easy and secure storage without having to learn computer security best practices, then a hardware wallet such as the Trezor, Ledger or ColdCard is recommended.
  
• If you cannot afford a hardware wallet there are many software wallet options to choose from depending on your use case. Mobile wallets like BlueWallet are generally more secure than desktop wallets. Beware of fake mobile wallets and check reviews from reputable Bitcoin websites. Avoid paper wallets or brain wallets.
  
• If you prefer to let third party "Bitcoin banks" manage your coins, try Gemini or Unchained Capital but be aware you may not be in control of your private keys in which case you would have to ask permission to access your funds and be exposed to third party risk. There is a saying in the community, "Not your keys, not your coins" meaning if you don't store your coins in a wallet that you control the keys to then you do not really own your bitcoin as you have to ask permission from the third party in order to move them.
  

Note: For increased security, use Two Factor Authentication (2FA) everywhere it is offered, including email!
2FA requires a second confirmation code or a physical security key to access your account making it much harder for thieves to gain access. Google Authenticator and Authy are the two most popular 2FA services, download links are below. Make sure you create backups of your 2FA codes.
Avoid using your cell number for 2FA. Hackers have been using a technique called "SIM swapping" to impersonate users and steal bitcoin off exchanges.

Google Auth	Authy	OTP Auth	andOTP
Android	Android	N/A	Android
iOS	iOS	iOS	N/A

Physical security keys (FIDO U2F) offer stronger security than Google Auth / Authy and other TOTP-based apps, because the secret code never leaves the device and it uses bi-directional authentication so it prevents phishing. If you lose the device though, you could lose access to your account, so always use 2 or more security keys with a given account so you have backups. See Yubikey or Titan to purchase security keys.
Both Coinbase and Gemini support physical security keys.

Watch out for scams

As mentioned above, Bitcoin is decentralized, which by definition means there is no official website or Twitter handle or spokesperson or CEO. However, all money attracts thieves. This combination unfortunately results in scammers running official sounding names or pretending to be an authority on YouTube or social media. Many scammers throughout the years have claimed to be the inventor of Bitcoin. Websites like bitcoin(dot)com and the r / btc subreddit are active scams. Almost all altcoins (shitcoins) are marketed heavily with big promises but are really just designed to separate you from your bitcoin. So be careful: any resource, including all linked in this document, may in the future turn evil. As they say in our community, "Don't trust, verify".

• Avoid using ad-based search engines like Google or Yahoo: ads are shown based on how much the advertiser bids, and scammers can easily outbid legitimate providers for ad space, since immoral ways of earning money are far more lucrative than moral ways. Use DuckDuckGo instead, which has no ads, and never tracks you as well.
• Ignore private messages offering services.
• Never enter your seed words in a website of any kind. Hardware wallets will recover by displaying possible seed words on their own interface, never on a website.
• Always check addresses on your hardware wallet before sending or receiving. Some malware has been known to replace addresses in your web browser or that you copy-and-paste.
• Avoid clicking on links like that look like links, such as https://www.google.com/, without first hovering over it and actually checking where they go to. Just because a link is labelled with an HTTPS address does not mean it actually sends you to that address. It is trivial for someone to comment a link on Reddit that looks like it will send you to one website when it actually sends you to another, and you might not notice the difference until a scammer has gotten all your money, or you have downloaded and installed software that steals your money.

Common Bitcoin Myths

Often the same concerns arise about Bitcoin from newcomers. Questions such as:

• Is Bitcoin a Ponzi scheme?
• Will governments ban Bitcoin?
• Will quantum computers break Bitcoin?

All of these questions have been answered many times by a variety of people. Here are some resources where you can see if your concern has been answered:

• Common Bitcoin Myths
• Gradually, Then Suddenly
• Every Reason Bitcoin Will Not Fail

Where can I spend bitcoin?

Check out spendabit or bitcoin directory for millions of merchant options. Also you can spend bitcoin anywhere visa is accepted with bitcoin debit cards such as the CashApp card or Fold card. Some other useful site are listed below.

Store	Product
Bitrefill, Gyft	Gift cards for thousands of retailers worldwide including Amazon, Target, Walmart, Starbucks, Whole Foods, CVS, Lowes, Home Depot, iTunes, Best Buy, Sears, Kohls, eBay, GameStop, etc.
Spendabit, Overstock and The Bitcoin Directory	Retail shopping with millions of results
NewEgg and Dell	For all your electronics needs
Piixpay, Bitbill.eu, Bylls, Coins.ph, LivingRoomofSatoshi, Coinsfer, and more	Bill payment
Menufy and Takeaway	Takeout delivered to your door
Expedia, Cheapair, Destinia, Abitsky, SkyTours, the Travel category on Gyft and 9flats	For when you need to get away
Cryptostorm, Mullvad, and PIA	VPN services
Namecheap, Porkbun	Domain name registration
Stampnik	Discounted USPS Priority, Express, First-Class mail postage

Coinmap and AirBitz are helpful to find local businesses accepting bitcoin. A good resource for UK residents is at wheretospendbitcoins.co.uk.
There are also lots of charities which accept bitcoin donations.

Merchant Resources

There are several benefits to accepting bitcoin as a payment option if you are a merchant;

• 1-3% savings over credit cards or PayPal.
• No chargebacks (final settlement in 10 minutes as opposed to 3+ months).
• Accept business from a global customer base.
• Increased privacy.
• Convert 100% of the sale to the currency of your choice for deposit to your account, or choose to keep a percentage of the sale in bitcoin if you wish to begin accumulating it.

If you are interested in accepting bitcoin as a payment method, there are several options available;

• BTCPay
• Square cash
• Stripe
• Wyre
• Blockonomics (direct to your wallet)

Can I mine bitcoin?

Mining bitcoin can be a fun learning experience, but be aware that you will most likely operate at a loss. Newcomers are often advised to stay away from mining unless they are only interested in it as a hobby similar to folding at home. If you want to learn more about mining you can read the mining FAQ. Still have mining questions? The crew at /BitcoinMining would be happy to help you out.
If you want to contribute to the bitcoin network by hosting the blockchain and propagating transactions you can run a full node. You can view the global node distribution for a visual representation of the node network.

Earning bitcoin

Just like any other form of money, you can also earn bitcoin by being paid to do a job.

Site	Description
WorkingForBitcoins, Bitwage, Cryptogrind, Coinality, Bitgigs, /Jobs4Bitcoins, BitforTip, Rein Project	Freelancing
Lolli	Earn bitcoin when you shop online!
OpenBazaar, Purse.io, Bitify, /Bitmarket	Marketplaces
/GirlsGoneBitcoin NSFW	Adult services
A-ads, Coinzilla.io	Advertising

You can also earn bitcoin by participating as a market maker on JoinMarket by allowing users to perform CoinJoin transactions with your bitcoin for a small fee (requires you to already have some bitcoin).

Bitcoin-Related Projects

The following is a short list of ongoing projects that might be worth taking a look at if you are interested in current development in the bitcoin space.

Project	Description
Lightning Network	Second layer scaling
Liquid, Rootstock and Drivechain	Sidechains
Hivemind	Prediction markets
Tierion and Factom	Records & Titles on the blockchain
BitMarkets, DropZone, Beaver and Open Bazaar	Decentralized markets
JoinMarket and Wasabi Wallet	CoinJoin implementation
Decentralized exhanges	Decentralized bitcoin exchanges
Keybase	Identity & Reputation management
Abra	Global P2P money transmitter network
Bitcore	Open source Bitcoin javascript library

Bitcoin Units

One Bitcoin is quite large (hundreds of £/$/€) so people often deal in smaller units. The most common subunits are listed below:

Unit	Symbol	Value	Info
bitcoin	BTC	1 bitcoin	one bitcoin is equal to 100 million satoshis
millibitcoin	mBTC	1,000 per bitcoin	used as default unit in recent Electrum wallet releases
bit	bit	1,000,000 per bitcoin	colloquial "slang" term for microbitcoin (μBTC)
satoshi	sat	100,000,000 per bitcoin	smallest unit in bitcoin, named after the inventor

For example, assuming an arbitrary exchange rate of $10000 for one Bitcoin, a $10 meal would equal:

• 0.001 BTC
• 1 mBTC
• 1,000 bits
• 100k sats

For more information check out the Bitcoin units wiki.
Still have questions? Feel free to ask in the comments below or stick around for our weekly Mentor Monday thread. If you decide to post a question in /Bitcoin, please use the search bar to see if it has been answered before, and remember to follow the community rules outlined on the sidebar to receive a better response. The mods are busy helping manage our community so please do not message them unless you notice problems with the functionality of the subreddit.
Note: This is a community created FAQ. If you notice anything missing from the FAQ or that requires clarification you can edit it here and it will be included in the next revision pending approval.
Welcome to the Bitcoin community and the new decentralized economy!

Every single time I have to use another programming language, I keep wishing it had Kotlin's features. It is just so mentally exhausting to keep having to find workarounds around things the language designers or IDE support failed to implement.
​
And maybe it's the `JVM` talking out of me, but other languages drive me insane.
​
What exactly do I mean:
​

1. smart cast
   
2. IDE features like automatic imports
   
3. code hinting
   
4. property delegation
   
5. being able to write extension functions on object
   
6. an actual `Collection` hierarchy that makes sense (`Mutable` and `Immutable`)
   
7. not having to worry about object and value types and copy-on-write nonsense
   
8. proper multithreading
   
9. `is MyInterface<*>` - yeah, I am looking at you `Swift`
   
10. automatic imports
    
11. extension functions actually working (yeah `Dart`, existing does not mean it's the same) with code completion and proper `this`
    
12. anonymous classes
    
13. easy debugger setup
    
14. no `inout` nonsensw
    

​
IT IS A REALLY GREAT LANGUAGE!!!!
​
Guys, we are spoiled by this awesome language.

Lurker of this sub, decided to post something for once after seeing countless posts on other subs about how American politics have devolved over the last few years and each side claiming the other is to blame for the issues. Frankly, I think everyone is at fault and - indirectly - the internet is to blame. No, I'm not about to tell everyone to get off my lawn and we should cancel the internet but I do think it's the problem. Also full disclosure, I'm self-plagiarizing from a different post.
Especially over the last decade or so where the internet went from something cool but not our primary source of information, communication, or connection to now being a virtual necessity, there has been a massive shift in society. We no longer get our news updates from TV, newspapers, etc as the primary source. Even those who still prefer these media are inundated with updates on our social media feeds, on sites like Reddit, even completely unrelated sites will have ads with clickbait headlines. This causes issues because it makes echo chambers fairly loud (no matter what side you're on). Add to that people tend to feel busier than ever (even when not) and would rather just read a catchy headline than an article that's long but explains why something outrageous was just out of context but isn't actually anything much exciting. Throw in a loud fringe minority (again, regardless of "side") on your social media and they start to feel less fringy and more reasonable. We're also less likely to research what the "other side" is saying or why they feel how they do because it's much easier to read a million headlines that reaffirm why you're right than consider why you might be wrong.
Further worsening things, the internet has also made us constantly deal in superlatives, so-to-speak, which is hurting normal interpersonal discourse. Think about something - when was the last time you genuinely laughed out loud at something you replied "lol" to? If something is truly that funny, you'll generally even explain "omg I literally just laughed at that" (and even then that may not be true). Once again, though, we're so used to seeing the most amazing/funny/tragic/ridiculous thing you've ever seen on every post that it waters everything down. Now, if something truly is worth an extreme response, you have to go even more extreme to try to get your point across. Look at old news clips from any major station - they were usually polite back-and-forth discourse - but now it's more often people yelling over each other for better extremes and better ratings. Additionally, there is so much remote (and anonymous) discussion that everyday people seem to be increasingly awkward or inappropriate in person because it's the type of behavior that they are used to.
Ultimately, I can go on and on about this, but you get my point. IMO, all of the political drama from both sides of the aisle is a function of how the internet has changed society (in this type of case, for the worse).
End rant. Thanks for reading.

Previous Post Here
Rock the vote! Power to the people! Get out and vote. Every vote counts. And the beat goes on. And on. And on. And on. And we buy it. Hook. Line. And sinker. Don't we? But, we live in a democracy! Yep. Sure do. We vote and then they do whatever they have planned. Seriously. Guantanamo Bay? Still there. Rich getting richer? Still happening. Gain of function testing on viruses? Still happening. Nafta? Who actually voted? No. One. Big bank bailouts? No choice. Get it? The illusion of choice is all it takes to pacify the masses. That's it. Our votes are the placebo effect.
Do some of us notice? Yes. A few. For all the good that does us. So why are they able to get away with it? Surely at some point we would have noticed. Well we did notice, and they adjusted, and we're still living with the consequences. When did we notice?
The Vietnam War.
All the pictures of body bags and all the reports of the horrors of war were too much. We questioned why? The answer wasn't good enough. An economic system. Sure they tried to convince us back then that it was because human rights and liberty. Ok. Then we fast forward to present day and we trade with Vietnam. But nobody says, HEY! AREN'T THEY EVIL COMMUNISTS! No. One. Why? Because those in charge learned. All the images of war changed. Now we only see video game targets on screen. Now we only hear of all the amazing technology making war so advanced! War has become a Walt Disney production. Sanitized for the masses.
How did they do it? How? Simple. They know in advance what stimulus will have the greatest effect on us, and what effect that stimulus will be. How? Simulations. And it's been going on for a very long time.

Simulations and Scenarios

In this scenario, we don’t want to marginalize the more extreme candidates, but make them more ‘Pied Piper’ candidates who actually represent the mainstream of the Republican Party,” read the memo. “Pied Piper candidates include, but aren’t limited to: • Ted Cruz. • Donald Trump. • Ben Carson. We need to be elevating the Pied Piper candidates so that they are leaders of the pack and tell the press to [take] them seriously."

Oh. Ok. So Crooked Hillary's team wanted to pump up Trump. Let me say that again, Pump Up Trump (sounds like a new sex toy, doesn't it? I'll get my people to call your people and lets make this happen. It'll be huge and people will love getting screwed by it!). And then it gets worse.

“Just like everybody, I thought this was a Bush against a Clinton, that’s all it was going to be,” said former Wisconsin Governor Jim Doyle. “When I saw the first set of debates, I would turn them on in an entertainment mode to see what Donald’s going to say today. It was funny." Source Here

Trump is funny. Ha. Ha. Ha. Let's get in some of that new Reality TV show called The Political Apprentice. Right.
So is Trump a part of something nefarious? Or is he fighting the Deep State? But what if the answer is more complicated than that? What if all the peices are moved, including President's, on purpose, and with a plan?
Crazy? Surely that's just plain nonsense and there's no way that could happen, right?
Well, let me show you some additional things before the Internet of Things is in everything and we can't do anything.

They Pick, You Vote, Don't Matter. They Already Know.

What? Preposterous you say? Let's travel back to JFK and the People Machine.

Consider the strange trajectory of the Simulmatics Corporation, founded in New York City in 1959. (Simulmatics, a mash-up of ‘simulation’ and ‘automatic’, meant then what ‘artificial intelligence (AI)’ means now.) Its controversial work included simulating elections — just like that allegedly ‘pioneered’ by the now-defunct UK firm Cambridge Analytica on behalf of UK Brexit campaigners in 2015 and during Donald Trump’s US presidential election campaign in 2016. Journalists accused Trump’s fixers of using a “weaponized AI propaganda machine” capable of “nearly impenetrable voter manipulation”. New? Hardly. Simulmatics invented that in 1959. They called it the People Machine. As an American historian with an interest in politics, law and technology, I came across the story of the Simulmatics Corporation five years ago when researching an article about the polling industry. Polling was, and remains, in disarray. Now, it’s being supplanted by data science: why bother telephoning someone to ask her opinion when you can find out by tracking her online? Wondering where this began took me to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, to the unpublished papers of political scientist Ithiel de Sola Pool. Simulmatics, hired first by the US Democratic Party’s National Committee in 1959 and then by the John F. Kennedy campaign in 1960, pioneered the use of computer simulation, pattern detection and prediction in American political campaigning. The company gathered opinion-poll data from the archives of pollsters George Gallup and Elmo Roper to create a model of the US electorate.

Lasswell, whose research on communication purported to explain how ideas get into people’s heads: in short, who says what, in which channel, to whom, with what effect? During the Second World War, Lasswell studied the Nazis’ use of propaganda and psychological warfare. When those terms became unpalatable after the war ended, the field got a new name — mass-communications research. Same wine, new bottle. Like Silicon Valley itself, Simulmatics was an artefact of the cold war. It was an age obsessed with prediction, as historian Jenny Andersson showed in her brilliant 2018 book, The Future of the World. At MIT, Pool also proposed and headed Project ComCom (short for Communist Communications), funded by the US Department of Defense’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). Its aim, in modern terms, was to try to detect Russian hacking — “to know how leaks, rumors, and intentional disclosures spread” as Pool described it.

Isn't that odd? Computers making predictions back in 1960. Computers analyzing human behavior in order to predict human behaviours and control the election outcome. And the scientist who it all started with came from MIT. And we wonder how all that Jeffrey Epstein money was spent.

The press called Simulmatics scientists the “What-If Men”, because their work — programming an IBM 704 — was based on endless what-if simulations. The IBM 704 was billed as the first mass-produced computer capable of doing complex mathematics. Today, this kind of work is much vaunted and lavishly funded. The 2018 Encyclopedia of Database Systems describes ‘what-if analysis’ as “a data-intensive simulation”. It refers to it as “a relatively recent discipline”. Not so. Buoyed by the buzz of Kennedy’s election, Simulmatics began an advertising blitz. Its 1961 initial stock offering set out how the company would turn prediction into profit — by gathering massive data, constructing mathematical models of behavioural processes, and using them to simulate “probable group behaviour”.

Do you really think these What-If Men are done and gone, set out to pasture like the cattle they manipulate? Really? Seriously. No. Obviously not. Or there wouldn't be such a fuss about Facebook and Cambridge Analytica. Same Crap. Different Flies. Only know there are more flies and the crap pile is bigger.

In 1963, on behalf of the Kennedy administration, Simulmatics simulated the entire economy of Venezuela, with an eye to halting the advance of socialism and communism. A larger project to undertake such work throughout Latin America, mostly designed by Pool and known as Project Camelot (Project Camelot, where have I heard that before?), became so controversial that the next president, Lyndon B. Johnson, dismantled it (sure he did). After 1965, Simulmatics conducted psychological research in Vietnam as part of a bigger project to use computers to predict revolutions. Much of this work built on earlier research by Lasswell and Pool, identifying and counting keywords, such as ‘nationalism’, in foreign-language newspapers that might indicate the likelihood of coups. Such topic-spotting is the precursor to Google Trends. Before his early death in 1984, Pool was also a key force behind the founding of the most direct descendant of Simulmatics, the MIT Media Lab. Pool’s work underlies the rules — or lack of them — that prevail on the Internet. Pool also founded the study of “social networks” (a term he coined); without it, there would be no Facebook. Pool’s experiences with student unrest at MIT — and especially with the protests against Simulmatics — informed his views on technological change and ethics. Look forward. Never look back. Source Here

Unrest and protest at MIT against Simulmatics. I guess you could call it Rage Against the Machine. Maybe we should ask Jeffery Epstein if that's a good name? He did invest a lot of money into the MIT Media lab, after all. Surely he has an opinion on it. Too bad he killed himself. Snicker.
Look forward. Never back. That sounds suspiciously like a No Regrets policy, doesn't it? The ends justify the means. Let's hurry up and get those vaccines out. We can test for them along the way. It's all good.

Decades before Facebook and Google and Cambridge Analytica and every app on your phone, Simulmatics’ founders thought of it all: they had the idea that, if they could collect enough data about enough people and write enough good code, everything, one day, might be predicted—every human mind simulated and then directed by targeted messages as unerring as missiles. For its first mission, Simulmatics aimed to win the White House back for the Democratic Party. The University of California political theorist Eugene Burdick had worked for Greenfield in 1956, but decided not to join Simulmatics. Instead, he wrote a novel about it. In “The 480,” a political thriller published in 1964, a barely disguised “Simulations Enterprises” meddles with a U.S. Presidential election. “This may or may not result in evil,” Burdick warned. “Certainly it will result in the end of politics as Americans have known it.” That same year, in “Simulacron-3,” a science-fiction novel set in the year 2034, specialists in the field of “simulectronics” build a People Machine—“a total environment simulator”—only to discover that they themselves don’t exist and are, instead, merely the ethereal, Escherian inventions of yet another People Machine. After that, Simulmatics lived on in fiction and film, an anonymous avatar. In 1973, the German filmmaker Rainer Werner Fassbinder adapted “Simulacron-3” into “World on a Wire,” a forerunner of the 1999 film “The Matrix,” in which all of humanity lives in a simulation, trapped, deluded, and dehumanized.

The Matrix? A people machine. A Total Environment Simulator. Yikes. That sounds extremely far fetched, doesn't it. Trapped. Deluded. And. Drumroll please. Dehumanized.

In 1967 and 1968, at home, Simulmatics attempted to build a race-riot-prediction machine. In 1969, after antiwar demonstrators called Pool a war criminal, the People Machine crashed; in 1970, the company filed for bankruptcy. (Most of its records were destroyed; I stumbled across what remains, in Pool’s papers, at M.I.T.) Source Here

A race riot machine that apparently failed? And look what happened nine months ago? Coincidence? Foreign power information warfare? AI training wheels? Kinda scary, ain't it? And guess what? We're not done yet.

Ithiel de Sola Pool

So the Simulmatics Corporation was responsible for this;

Sept 17, 2020 • In 1960, media reports of dark forces behind John F Kennedy’s winning presidential campaign caused what Jill Lepore calls a “national hullabaloo”. America’s new leader, it was widely reported, had clinched the victory with the help of a “secret weapon”: a super computer that crunched troves of data to profile voters, allowing Kennedy to better target his political messaging before the polls opened.

And now let's look deeper at somebody who worked at the Simulmatics Corporation, Ithiel de Sola Pool.

For all of Simulmatics’ efforts at automating prediction, it is company executive Ithiel de Sola Pool, an MIT academic with a focus on social networks, who in Lepore’s telling proves to be the most accurate prediction machine — foreseeing the “data-mad and near-totalitarian twenty-first century” that he was instrumental in helping to create. “In the coming atomised society, the information the citizen gets will arise from his own specific concerns,” he wrote in 1968, predicting a communications revolution, “customised news feeds” and the dismantling of party politics for a “politics of self, every citizen a party of one”. Source Here

That's extremely prescient. Did he predict the future or make it? What came first, the chicken or the egg? Don't matter. Don't care. Not at all. Because the end result is the same,
So what more can we find out about de Sola Pool? How about the fact that he studied Nazis and Communists? Heck, he studied totalitarianist speeches to figure out how words could carry power and influence. Over us. Overload us.
But how unethical was Pool? Well, the guy who risked everything to bring us the Pentagon Papers (the papers that proved the Gulf of Tomkins incident was a false flag) thought this: Daniel Ellsberg would later say of Pool, “I thought of him as the most corrupt social scientist I had ever met, without question.”
Not cool. Definitely. Not. Cool. Because if you naively believe that Pool’s research isn't being used by the Technocrats today, then more power to you. Believe what you want. Or should I say, believe what they want.
And who are "they"? They are the Rockefeller's and Rothschilds, the Technocrats, the World Economic Forum, the Bilderberg Group, CIA, NSA, and the Council on Foreign Relations.
Speaking of which.

At that point in his (Pool’s) career, he was a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, advising several countries around the world. Pool felt that the world was underestimating the importance of communications and technical change. Source Here

Oops. Pool was a member of the CFR advising several countries around the world. Ok. Next step.

2004 • The transformation of the United States into a power able and willing to take a leading role in world affairs was not achieved solely through policy changes in Washington, DC, let alone simply by changes in the structure of world power. This chapter examines the vital role of the CFR in transforming American public opinion from ‘isolationist’ to ‘globalist’ as an important aspect of America’s rise to globalism. In this regard, the Council focused its energies to undermine and marginalise isolationism while promoting its own internationalist views as the best means to achieve the American national interest. Source Here

So if a bunch of unelected officials are officially changing policy, why do you vote? Rock the vote? Don't make me laugh. More like Don't Rock the Boat.
They started running simulations back in the sixties. Remember, Nixon was the odds on favorite to win. Kennedy was a long shot. And then, Kennedy was the President. Nixon probably wasn't happy. After all, he was part of the power structure. He went to Bohemian Grove. And then he had the rug pulled out from underneath him. And what did he end of calling Bohemian Grove attendees? A bunch of fags. Oops. Who pissed in his cornflakes?
They run simulations. Then they have different scenarios that dictate policy. Then they use the CFR, the WEF, the Rockefeller Group, and other NGO'S to adapt and shape future policy decisions to steer society. Heck. They probably even use the Mickey Mouse Club at this point.

November 21, 1971 • Of the first 82 names on a list prepared to help President Kennedy staff his State Department, 63 were Council members. Kennedy once com plained, “I'd like to have some new faces here, but all I get is the same old names.” Source Here

So a "People Machine" helped get JFK "elected" and his State Department list was mostly comprised of Council members. It's starting to look more and more like our heads of state are manipulated just like us, doesn't it? Let's jump back into the Pool one more time.

In 1965, he wrote "The Kaiser, the Tsar, and the Computer," an essay about a computer-simulated international crisis. Later, his interest in quantitative analysis and communications would contribute to computer models to study human behavior.

Computer Models aren't Playboy Centerfolds

It doesn't matter who gets voted in. They may think they're in charge. They may go along. Or they may think they're making changes. But, I guarantee you the changes they make are the changes those behind the scenes want. Even if our leaders know it or not.
No way! Thats crazy! Insane! Ok. Sure. But remember this, in a world of insanity, a sane man is always perceived as being insane. So let's dive into the DEEP END OF THE POOL and see what we can find.

October 2, 2019 • With AI, the models suddenly become more realistic. “One of the things that has changed is an acceptance that you really can model humans,” says F. LeRon Shults, director of the Center for Modeling Social Systems at the University of Agder in Norway. “Our agents are cognitively complex. They are simulated people with genders, ages and personalities. They can get married, have children, get divorced. They can get a job or get fired, they can join groups, they can die. They can have religious beliefs. They’re social in the way humans are. They interact with each other in social networks. They learn from each other, react to each other and to the environment as a whole.”

Hold on. Agent's are cognitively complex? That's scary, isn't it? And this is a very strange situation we find ourselves in, isn't it? Agents. Simulations. Viruses. Sentinels. Didn't they try and block out the sun? Ahem. Bill Gates. And I've read that originally the script didn't have humanity as batteries, but instead used humans as their RAM. In other words, we we're used for our brains ability to think. More on this in an upcoming post. Just think about it for now.

Final Thoughts

The what if men and the people machine. They model society and we see what they want us to see. Kind of like the model in the Matrix wearing the red dress. We're too busy looking for danger everywhere but where we should look. And that's a mistake. This is why we can't dismiss anything. We have to question everything.
In the previous post I said that it was called the Sentinel World Simulation. I found the article. I made a mistake. It's called the Sentient World Simulation. Words matter. Always. But I still don't think my mistake alters what's going on. We are being steered by an unseen group. And this is why China + Russia + USA are heading towards a cliff. He who controls AI controls humanity. But who controls who?
More soon.

Background: Fanon Wikis are a subset of fandom-specific Wikis. However, rather than being a dedicated resource for a given subject, they are there for users to create their own content. Chiefly this comes in the form of new characters and stories, presented in a Wiki-like format. These sites can vary considerably in the way that they are run; some are intended to be a single, interlocked, shared world, while others are more free-from where each user’s content is independent from another’s.
Today’s tale is one of a user who was so stupidly ignorant of their own mistakes, even when called on them while failing to respect boundaries and other users’ work. It features a trio of protagonists. Dark Piscine is the sole moderator and staff member of this particular fanon wiki, having effectively taken it over after all the other staff vanished. Weaboo 500 is a new user who has just joined the Wiki and is mostly obsessed with massive crossovers and pictures of cats. Average Joe is another user who has written a small amount of his own, entirely original content.
As a bit of background, this Wiki (which I have told tales of in past) treats its users’ creations as being entirely separate from each other. As long as the users stay within the Wiki’s guidelines (PG-13 level content, keeping it on topic, being cool to each other, etc) they can do whatever they want. However, users are not permitted to edit the content created by other users. Nor are they allowed to incorporate content created by other users into their own fanon without getting the original creator’s permission first.
The story began when Weaboo 500 joined the wiki. His very first action was to edit another user’s article, despite the fact that this is against the wiki’s rules. Dark Piscine immediately reverted the change and gave Weaboo 500 a first warning not to do it again. With that in mind, Weaboo 500 got to work writing his own content.
A few days later, Weaboo 500 edited another user’s article without their permission. Dark Piscine again reverted the change, and again reminded Weaboo 500 of the rules and issued him another warning, making it clear that continued breaches of the Wiki’s rules will result in disciplinary action including suspension from the Wiki.
Having gotten a second warning, Weaboo 500 promptly proceeded to pick another fight. He set up a series of redirects for his articles, ones that aren’t weren’t needed and instead were just there for name variations. Dark Piscine cleaned them up in the name of keeping the wiki tidy and removing redundant content. He was likely also motivated by past issues where users had used redirects to take control of other users’ creations. Weaboo 500 asked why they were deleted and Dark Piscine offered an explanation. Weaboo 500 then tried to think of excuses why he should be allowed to spam more redundant redirects, and Dark Piscine shot all of them down. Weaboo 500 finally came out with ‘but that’s not how they do it on (OTHER WIKI)’, to which Dark Piscine simply stated ‘and that is a different Wiki with different rules, different staff and an entirely different purpose’.
And things were then quiet. For whole days.
About that time, Average Joe put down his own article, an original character that, for the sake of argument we’ll call Laura. It was an entirely functional article, but did feature it’s own original artwork, which is a rare but nice touch. And then not too long afterwards, Weaboo 500 edited Laura’s article to effectively try to fold it into his own fanon. Dark Piscine stepped in, reverted the changes and reminded Weaboo 500 that not only is editing other users’ articles without their permission against the wiki’s rules, but so is trying to take control of other users’ creations. He hit Weaboo 500 with a three-day ban because of his repeated violation of the Wiki’s rules after repeated warnings. Bearing in mind that Weaboo 500 had been active on the wiki for less than a month at this point, but had already reached that stage.
In addition to suspending Weaboo 500’s account, Dark Piscine also blocked his IP address from other logins for the duration of the suspension. Sure enough, the very next day, an anonymous account coming from the same IP tried to log on to the wiki, thus extending the duration of the suspension.
When his three days were up, Weaboo 500 tried to log back into the Wiki, only to find that he was still blocked. He immediately messaged Dark Piscine for an explanation, but got none in reply. Rather than accepting that Dark Piscine might be at work, or asleep, or at his grandmother’s funeral or some other situation which meant that he was not hovering over the wiki like some vast predatory bird 24/7, Weaboo 500 continued to spam messages at Dark Piscine demanding an answer.
And when that didn’t work, he went to another Wiki where Dark Piscine was also active, and spammed a message on his wall there. That one was immediately picked up on by the staff on that Wiki, who promptly deleted it and issued Weaboo 500 a warning for bringing off-wiki issues onto their site.
Dark Piscine finally got around to looking at the situation, and was clearly not impressed. He explained to Weaboo 500 that his continual spamming of messages without waiting for a reply, not to mention his decision to take this matter to another Wiki was unacceptable behaviour. He issued Weaboo 500 with another seven days of suspension to get the message over. Weaboo 500 replied to say that he really wanted to edit one of his articles right now. Dark Piscine simply replied to say ‘you should have thought of that before continually breaching the wiki’s rules despite multiple warnings.’
Weaboo 500’s suspension eventually expired allowing him to get back to what he had been working on. And he did such for maybe three days before he decided to plop down his own version of the Laura character, complete with stealing Joe Average’s art and clumsily modifying it in MS Paint. Dark Piscine asked Weaboo 500 if he had in turn asked Joe Average’s permission to reuse his content. Weaboo 500 completely ignored the question and kept on spamming more content.
Realising that the obvious answer was ‘no’, Dark Piscine hit Weaboo 500 with a one month ban, again pointing out that he was violating the rules of the wiki (and that, more to the point, he kept doing it the same way despite all the warnings not to). He also added that this was a final warning; if Weaboo 500 broke the rules one more time then he would be permanently banned from the Wiki.
And so for a month, all was well with peace settling over the land. Eventually, Weaboo 500’s suspension expired, allowing him to return to the wiki and get back to work. And this lasted whole hours before he again managed to again get himself into trouble. In between spamming new god-awful articles and editing his own ones, he decided to take time out to spam Dark Piscine’s talk page with nonsense.
Seeing this and coming to the conclusion that Weaboo 500 wasn’t going to ever change (he’d lasted a couple of hours before stepping over the line) and was continuing the same bad behaviour, Dark Piscine slapped down a permanent ban on him. Which means that Weaboo 500 had gone from ‘new user’ to permban within the space of two months, more than half of which had been spent suspended for bad behaviour.
Bonus links to the rest of the saga of this one Fanon wiki
User breaks multiple rules on the site and then is surprised when his actions have consequences
User is banned for breaking every rule in the book, so another user steps up to champion their cause
Administrator loses Admin privileges, acts like they still have them anyway
User asks for control of the wiki and then breaks its rules anyway before repeating the process elsewhere
Enough with the creepy robot girls
When staff fight, a piece of curated vintage hobby drama
The Toolbox saga, or how one page caused drama over a decade
Scope Creep, Category Bloat and Redundant Redirects

YabvoneMeridian
Volume I - Introduction. - Food\Drink Primary Buff\Mutation Table.
Volume II - All Drinks modified by Mutation\Magazines\Strange In Numbers
Volume III - All Foods A-I modified by Mutation\Magazines\Strange In Numbers.
Volume IV - All Foods M-Z modified by Mutation\Magazines\Strange In Numbers.
Volume V - Hard to find Ingredient list. - Things Bethesda Needs to Fix.
”You’ll never be OP eating Dogfood.” — anonymous
Le Wasteland Gastronomique (Vols I-V) is a compendium for maximizing your FO76 character’s build with the addition of food and drink buffs. The benefits of food\drinks—anything that can be crafted at the various Cooking Stations—are increased by having the Herbivore\Carnivore mutation and increased with the use of Backwoodsmen Issue 6, Live and Love Issue 3 and the Strange In Numbers perk.
You can’t have both mutations at once though it is possible to suppress whichever mutation you choose with a serum in order to gain the base benefits of that mutation’s opposite, which can then be further augmented with magazines. Food buffs gained through serum/mutation suppression will expire as soon as the serum expires no matter how much time remains.
Drinks are much more forgiving than food between herbivores and carnivores...while most beverages gain buffs from herbivore being a carnivore typically doesn’t negate some benefit from drinks, so, if becoming a carnivore kills off a buff you used to get from a food item try to find an equivalent drink.
Although, in my testing, I did not put special effort into seeing what the maximum number of possible buffs were, there were several occasions when I had more than twelve buffs active simultaneously. I estimate that it is possible to have 27 separate buffs active at the same time though I have not personally confirmed this.
It would appear that, of the Primary buffs, only Melee DMG stacks within its own category so one “Max AP” buff will replace another “Max AP” buff, etc. S.P.E.C.I.A.L. buffs stack so long as you only have one buff per each of the seven S.P.E.C.I.A.L. categories…one Str buff…one Chr buff…and so on….
In some cases when I ate the food to verify the buff duration, some buffs appeared slightly different when viewing the item as opposed to the actual buff that appeared in my “STAT—EFFECTS” section of my Pip-Boy, what would appear as, say, a +2 Perception when viewing the food item would actually appear in my effects as +1.5, I did my best to catch these differences when recording the data but I’m bound to have missed a few things, furthermore, as a flawed human being, it’s impossible that I didn’t make a mistake or two at some point…any corrections provided by my fellow players are welcome though please do take the steps to verify them before bringing them to my attention.
The tables below show all craftable food and drink items arranged by their primary buff; the reference of “H”, “N” and “C” show which mutation positively affects each item so: H = Herbivore, N = Neutral (not affected by mutations) and C = Carnivore.
Of all the primary buffs only the Melee DMG buffs stack (and EVERY Melee DMG buff food can be stacked for a total of +7 different increases in Melee DMG). A few other exceptions to the “Primary Food\Drink Buffs Don’t Stack” rule are from foods in the “Unusual Buffs” category. The DR buff from Fried Fog Crawler stacks with any one single buff from the DMG Res Table. Though it is redundant the “Breathe Underwater” buffs, from the unusual table, stack…and ALL of the unusual buffs function for both Carnivores and Herbivores.
Sunshine Oil is delineated “N\C” because, though it is neutral, Herbivore negatively affects the Oil’s DR buff.

AP

Mutation	Recipe
H	Sweet Blackberry Tea
H	Tarberry Juice
H	Blackberry Honey Crisp
H	Brain Bombs
H	Cranberry Relish
N	Mud Cookie
N	Razorgrain Flour
N	Royal Jelly Taffy
N	Sweet Roll

AP Regen

Mutation	Recipe
H	Blackberry Juice
H	Company Tea
H	Lemonade
H	Steeped Fever Blossom Tea
H	Sweet Labrador Tea
H	Blackberry Honey Crisp
H	Corn Soup
H	Tato Salad Surprise
C	Fried Deerskins
C	Mirelurk Egg Omelette

Max AP

Mutation	Recipe
H	Corpse Seed Juice
H	Infused Soot Flower Tea
H	Lemonade
H	Simple Soot Flower Tea
H	Steeped Melon Blossom Tea
H	Tato Juice
C	Cooked Softshell Meat
C	Poached Angler
C	Roasted Mirelurk Meat
N	S’mores

Bonus XP

Mutation	Recipe
H	Cranberry Juice
H	Cranberry Cobbler
H	Cranberry Relish
H	Gut Shroom Soup
C	Tasty Squirrel Stew

Carry Weight

Mutation	Recipe
C	Cramburger
C	Fried Radtoad Legs
C	Grilled Radstag
C	Grilled Radtoad
C	Mystery Meat Pie
C	Pepperoni Roll
C	Ribeye Steak
C	Roasted Ant
C	Smoked Mirelurk Fillets

Crit DMG

Mutation	Recipe
H	Firecracker Berry Juice
H	Steeped Thistle Tea
H	Sweet Mutfruit Tea
H	Blight Soup
H	Megasloth Mushroom Soup

Damage Res

Mutation	Recipe
H	Cranberry Jam
H	Silt Bean Puree
N\C	Sunshine Oil
C	Fried Fog Crawler
C	Mirelurk Jerky
C	Pothole Potpie
C	Scorchbeast Steak

Disease Res

Mutation	Recipe
H	Company Tea
H	Infused Bloodleaf Tea
H	Simple Bloodleaf Tea
H	Razorgrain Soup
H	Vegetable Medley Soup
C	Chicken Noodle Soup
C	Mountain Hocks

Does Not Spoil

Mutation	Recipe
N\C	Sunshine Oil
N	Fasnacht Donut
N	Razorgrain Flour
N	Royal Jelly Taffy
N	Sugar

Energy Res

Mutation	Recipe
H	Firecap Soup
H	Firecap Tasty Souffle
H	Glowing Fungus Puree
C	Crispy Caver Cricket
C	Megasloth Tenderloin
C	Radscorpion Fillet
C	Radscorpion Steak
C	Roast Megasloth

Health Regen

Mutation	Recipe
H	Granny’s Tea
H	Melon Juice
H	Swamp Tofu
H	Swamp Tofu Soup
H	Sweet Tato Stew
C	Bloodbug Pepper Steak
C	Deathclaw Egg Omelette

Max HP

Mutation	Recipe
H	Tato Salad
N	Pumpkin Pie
C	Bloodbug Steak
C	Cranberry Meatball Grinder
C	Fasnacht Sausage

Melee DMG

Mutation	Recipe
C	Glowing Meat Steak
C	Mutant Hound Chops
C	Mutant Hound Stew
C	Mutton Chops
C	Mutton Meat Pie
C	Yao Guai Ribs
C	Yao Guai Roast

Rad Res

Mutation	Recipe
H	Soot Flower Herb Paste
H	Steeped Strangler Bloom Tea
H	Steeped Strangler Pod Tea
H	Glowing Fungus Soup
C	Baked Bloatfly
C	Bloatfly Loaf
C	Mirelurk Cake With Bloodleaf Aioli

SPECIAL Stats (+Strength)

Mutation	Recipe
H	Simple Fern Flower Tea
H	Steeped Fern Flower Tea
C	Deathclaw Steak
C	Deathclaw Wellington
C	Molerat Chunks
C	Stingwing Filet

SPECIAL Stats (+Perception)

Mutation	Recipe
H	Carrot Flower Nectar
H	Steeped Carrot Flower Tea
H	Sweetwater Special Blend
H	Carrot Soup
H	Gourd Soup
H	Pumpkin Soup
N	Simple Gut Shroom Tea
C	Radrat Steak
C	Stingwing Stew
C	Wolf Ribs

SPECIAL Stats (+Endurance)

Mutation	Recipe
H	Steeped Gourd Blossom Tea
H	Silt Bean Soup
H	Starlight Berry Cobbler
C	Aged Mirelurk Queen Steak
C	Dog Meat Steak
C	Grilled Hermit Crab
C	Grilled Radroach
C	Mirelurk Queen Steak
C	Mutt Chops
C	Mystery Meat Pie
C	Radtoad Omelette
C	Roasted Scorchbeast Heart
C	Scorchbeast Mixed Stew

SPECIAL Stats (+Charisma)

Mutation	Recipe
H	Simple Ash Rose Tea
H	Steeped Ash Rose Tea
H	Corn Pone
N	Sweet Roll
C	Mothman Egg Omelette

SPECIAL Stats (+Intelligence)

Mutation	Recipe
H	Simple Aster Tea
H	Steeped Aster Tea
H	Steeped Tato Flower Tea
H	Brain Bombs
H	Brain Fungus Soup
C	Broiled Sorchbeast Brain
C	Owlet Nuggets
C	Scorchbeast Mixed Stew

SPECIAL Stats (+Agility)

Mutation	Recipe
H	Mutfruit Juice
H	Steeped Melon Blossom Chai
H	Syrup
C	Cat Meat Steak
C	Crispy Squirrel Bits
C	Fox Jerky
C	Ground Molerat
C	Mirelurk Soft-shell Cake
C	Scorchbeast Mixed Stew
C	Smoked Scorchbeast Lung
C	Squirrel On A Stick

SPECIAL Stats (+Luck)

Mutation	Recipe
H	Chally’s Feed
H	Chew Stick
C	Appalachili
C	Awesome Opossum Bacon
C	Charred Scorchbeast Liver
C	Iguana On A Stick
C	Iguana Soup
C	Scorchbeast Mixed Stew
C	Seared Venison With Berries
C	Seasoned Rabbit Skewers

Unusual Buffs

Mutation	Recipe
C	Fried Fog Crawler
C	Gulper Slurry
C	Mirelurk Cake
C	Mirelurk Cake With Bloodleaf Ailoi
C	Radscorpion Egg Omelette
C	Tasty Radscorpion Egg Omelette

Proceed to Volume II (All Drinks)